evolving field of minimally invasive spine surgery. Greatly expanded over the previous edition, this volume prepares surgeons to effectively meet the increased demand for minimal access spine surgery. With smaller incisions, less pain, shortened hospital stays, substantial savings in health care dollars, and lower morbidity, it is clearly the preferred method for both patient and surgeon. Written by the world’s foremost endoscopic surgeons, this volume provides expert advice, tips, and caveats, plus step-by-step operative guidance to a full range of minimal access spine surgery techniques. Hundreds of photographs and precise illustrations, mostly in color, guide the surgeon through each major step of every procedure, detailing anatomic structure and instrument positioning. To complement this book, two CDs are included with operative video. The Atlas of Minimal Access Spine Surgery explores in detail procedures that have been developed to utilize advancements in fiber optics, versatile spinal implants, and computer image-guided assistance to improve outcomes in the management of spinal disorders. It incorporates procedures such as endoscopic scoliosis correction, micro-endoscopic discectomy, and the latest advances in artificial disc replacement. The authors examine every significant topic: anesthetic considerations, indications and contraindications, instrumentation and surgical systems, complications, outcomes, and more.