despite initial successes after the fall of the Berlin Wall, have failed to implement a strategy for success in the twenty-first century. Britain's exit from the Union has weakened both sides, and Russia's invasion of Ukraine has thrown these shortcomings into sharp relief. How should states across the continent position themselves in the decades to come? Drawing on unpublished archives and interviews with over 150 leading figures, David Marsh investigates Europe's present crisis, from the march of populism, Franco-German malaise, and the breakdown of relations with Putin's Russia. Fault lines are emerging in the monetary union, while the fight against climate change has impacted growth. Facing its gravest test since the Second World War, Europe must find fresh reserves of resilience - and seek out renewed international partnerships to ensure success.