model for understanding how a surgeon progresses from stage to stage in his or her career and describes how different career stages are associated with differing needs and educational preferences. It also illustrates how the way surgeons learn has changed and gives insights into what the future of successful medical education might look like. Understanding how surgical careers develop is critical if educational offerings are to be precisely targeted at physician needs. This publication is essential reading for all those interested in the field of medical education, especially those with global aspirations.