led to cutting-edge treatment options for patients with medically refractory epilepsy. Operative Techniques in Epilepsy Surgery, Second Edition by Gordon Baltuch, Arthur Cukiert, and an impressive international group of contributors has been updated and expanded, reflecting the newest treatments for pediatric and adult epilepsy. Seven sections with 30 chapters encompass surgical planning, invasive EEG studies, cortical resection, intraoperative mapping, disconnection, neuromodulation, and further topics. Twelve cortical resection chapters cover surgical approaches such as amygdalohippocampectomy; hippocampal transection; frontal lobe, central region, and posterior quadrant resections; and microsurgery versus endoscopy for hypothalamic hamartomas. Disconnection procedures discussed in section five include corpus callosotomy, hemispherectomy, and endoscopic-assisted approaches. Well-established procedures such as vagus nerve and deep brain stimulation are covered in the neuromodulation section, while the last section discusses radiosurgery for medically intractable cases.