The elite university - roles and modelsroles and modelsaf Ditlev Tamm

Den 1. og 2. oktober 2015 holdt den internationale kommission for universitetshistorie (The International Commission for the History of Universities) sin årlige konference i København. Emnet var universiteternes udvikling i det tidligt moderne Europa og USA med særligt fokus på, hvordan universiteterne har bidraget til skabelsen af en elite og selv har været institutioner for eliten. Bogen indeholder konferencens 11 forelæsninger.

Konferencen fandt sted i Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Københavns Universitet blev grundlagt i 1479, Videnskabernes Selskab i 1742. Begge institutioner har ændret sig adskillige gange siden grundlæggelsen. Videnskabernes Selskab består fortsat af en ganske lille gruppe forskere, som anses for de mest fremragende inden for en lang række videnskaber. Antallet af medlemmer ligger på omkring 250. Københavns Universitet var ved sin grundlæggelse en ganske lille institution. Efter reformationen i 1536 var det vigtigste fakultet gennem et par århundreder det teologiske, som uddannede præster til den danske lutherske kirke. Senere voksede også det juridiske fakultet, og siden 1800-tallet har Københavns Universitet haft en lang række fag ved alle fakulteter; i dag er der ca. 40.000 studerende ved universitetet.

Spørgsmålet om eliteuniversiteters rolle og om forskellige modeller for universiteter bliver stadig mere påtrængende. Spørgsmålet om, hvordan man kan sikre kvalitet i en masseuddannelse er ekstremt vigtigt. Bogens kapitler viser, hvordan man har drøftet disse spørgsmål i forskellige europæiske lande og i USA. Som helhed betragtet er de et indlæg i en aktuel debat. I dagens diskussioner glemmer man undertiden, at universiteterne har en lang historie, og at tidligere erfaringer kan kaste lys over situationen i dag og hjælpe os til at forstå den bedre.

ENGELSK SALGSTEKST:

On October 1st and 2nd 2015 the International Commission for the History of Universities organized its yearly conference in Copenhagen. The theme of the conference was the development of Universities in early modern Europe and the US with a specific view to the creation of the role of Universities in creating an elite and being institutions for an elite. The 11 lectures given are published in this volume.

The conference was held at the Royal Danish Academy of Letters and Science. The University of Copenhagen was founded in 1479, and the Academy in 1742. Both institutions have undergone several changes since their founding. However, the academy stays as an institution for only a small group of those who are considered the most outstanding academics and the number of members is about 250. The University of Copenhagen started as a very small institution. After the Reformation in 1536, The Faculty of Theology which was responsible for the education of Protestant ministers was the most important for at least two centuries. Later also Law grew as a subject, and since the 19th century a series of subjects have made this university a full university with all faculties and around 40.000 students. 

The question of the roles and the models of the elite university is of growing concern and the question how to balance quality and mass education is an issue of utmost importance. The lectures in the volume show how these questions have been posed in various European countries and the US and taken as a whole they are an input in an ongoing discussion. In today’s discussion it is sometimes forgotten that universities have a long history and that experiences of the past may shed light over and help us understand today’s situation.